بررسی پیامدهای توقف طرح‌های جنگلداری در دوره تنفس بر وضعیت شبکه جاده‌های جنگلی شمال (مطالعه موردی: استان گلستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت جنگل، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان.

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: یکی از مهمترین پیامدهای توقف طرح‌های جنگلداری در دوره تنفس، رهاسازی جاده‌های جنگلی و عدم رسیدگی و نگهداشت آنها و در نتیجه زوال این سرمایه ملی می‌باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر عدم مدیریت جنگل‌های استان گلستان بر کاهش طول ترابری، افت CBR رویه جاده‌های جنگلی، کاهش شاخص UPCI و کاهش سیطره حفاظتی شبکه جاده‌های جنگلی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این پژوهش طول شبکه جاده‌های جنگلی که به‌لحاظ ترابری فعال و قابل تردد بودند و همچنین درصد سیطره حفاظتی این جاده‌ها با بُرد 200 متر از طرفین در 12 طرح جنگلداری استان گلستان شامل رضاییان یک، سرخداری، سرخداری، شموشک، شصت-کلاته، عرب داغ، لوه یک، لوه دو، لوه سه، لوه چهار، لیوان یک و لیوان دو، 5 سال بعد از توقف طرح‌های جنگلداری در سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفت. درصد سیطره حفاظتی از تقسیم سطح پوشش یافته توسط شبکه جاده به مساحت کل جنگل به-دست آمد. علاوه‌بر این سه‌ طرح شصت‌کلاته، رضاییان و عرب‌داغ به عنوان نماینده‌های حوزه‌های اقلیمی مدیترانه‌ای، نیمه مرطوب و نیمه خشک انتخاب و وضعیت رویه انواع جاده‌های درجه یک، دو و سه موجود در آنها از طریق آنالیز UPCI و CBR بررسی و با شرایط مطلوب مقایسه شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که طول ترابری و سیطره حفاظتی شبکه جاده‌های جنگلی در مناطق مورد مطالعه در طول 5 سال توقف طرح‌های جنگلداری به‌ترتیب 4/10 و 2/5 درصد کاهش یافت. نتایج آنالیز UPCI رویه جاده‌های شصت‌کلاته که در اقلیم مدیترانه‌ای قرار دارد، نشان می‌دهد که رویه جاده‌های درجه دو و سه این جنگل به وضعیت ضعیف تنزل کرده است. جاده‌های درجه یک عرب‌داغ که در اقلیم نیمه‌خشک قرار دارد، از شرایط خوبی برخوردار است، در حالی که رویه جاده‌های درجه دو و سه به وضعیت معمولی تنزل نمود. در جنگل‌های رضاییان که در اقلیم نیمه‌مرطوب قرار دارد، جاده‌های درجه یک شرایط معمولی دارد، در حالی که رویه جاده‌های درجه دو و سه به ترتیب به وضعیت ضعیف و خیلی‌ضعیف تنزل کرده است. مقادیر CBR جاده‌ها پس از گذشت 5 سال از طرح تنفس کمتر از CBR نرمال بود که این موضوع حاکی از افت محسوس ظرفیت باربری شبکه می‌باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طور کل روند نزولی UPCI، CBR و درصد سیطره حفاظتی جاده‌ها حاکی از آن است که جهت تداوم سرویس‌دهی جاده-ها حفاظت فوری شبکه جاده‌ها ضرورت دارد زیرا ادامه این روند نزولی سبب می‌شود تا در آینده نزدیک در نتیجه تشدید خرابی‌های جاده، طول ترابری و سیطره حفاظتی شبکه جاده‌های جنگلی بیش از پیش کاهش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the consequences of stopping forestry projects during the breathing period on the condition of the forest road network in the north (case study: Golestan province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aidin Parsakhoo 1
  • Ali Akbar Rostaghi 2
  • Davoud Moghadasi 2
  • Milad Ghezelsefloo 2
  • aiub rezaei mutlagh 3
1 Associate Professor of Forestry Department, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Ph.D. student of forest management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan
چکیده [English]

Investigating the consequences of stopping forestry projects during the breathing period on the condition of the forest road network in the north (case study: Golestan province)
Abstract
Background and objectives: One of the most important consequences of Stopping forestry projects during the breathing period is the abandonment of forest roads and their lack of care and maintenance, and as a result, the deterioration of this national capital. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the lack of forest management in Golestan province on the reduction of the transportation length, the decrease of the CBR of the forest roads, the reduction of the UPCI index and the reduction of the protection control of the forest road network.
Materials and methods: In this research, the active transportation length of the network of forest roads and the percentage of protection control of these roads with a width of 200 meters from the sides in 12 forestry projects of Golestan province, including Rezaiyan 1, Sorkhdari, Sukhdari, Shamushek, Shast Kalate, Arab Dagh, Loveh 1, Loveh 2, Loveh 3, Loveh 4, Livan 1 and Livan 2 were evaluated in the geographic information system 5 years after the cessation of forestry projects. Also, the three plans of Shast-Kalate, Rezaiyan and Arab-Dagh as representatives of the Mediterranean, semi-humid and semi-arid climatic zones and the condition of the types of first, second and third class roads in them through UPCI and CBR analysis were checked and compared with optimal conditions.
Findings: The results showed that the length of transportation and the protective control of the forest road network in the study areas decreased by 10.4 and 5.2 percent, respectively, during the 5 years of suspension of forestry projects. The results of the UPCI analysis of the roads of Hast-Kalate, which is located in the Mediterranean climate, show that the roads of the second and third grade of this forest have degraded to a poor condition. The first class roads of Arab-Dagh, which is located in a semi-arid climate, are in good condition, while the condition of the second and third class roads was reduced to normal. In the forests of Rezaiyan, which is located in a semi-humid climate, first-class roads have normal conditions, while second- and third-class roads have degraded to poor and very poor conditions, respectively. The CBR values of the roads after 5 years of breathing plan were lower than the normal CBR, which indicates a noticeable drop in the carrying capacity of the network.
Conclusion: Overall, the downward trend of UPCI, CBR and the percentage of road protection control indicates that in order to continue the service of the roads, immediate protection of the road network is necessary because the continuation of this downward trend causes So that in the near future, as a result of the intensification of road damage, the length of transportation and the protective control of the forest road network will decrease even more.
Key words: Transportation length, Protective control, UPCI, Loading capacity

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transportation length
  • Protective control
  • UPCI
  • Loading capacity
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