تعیین و مدل‌سازی رویش قطری و سطح مقطع درخت راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) در جنگل‌های استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، علوم جنگل- جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گلستان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
سابقه و هدف: تعیین و برآورد رویش قطری و سطح مقطع درختان اهمیت زیادی برای آگاهی از وضعیت و نحوه عملکرد در برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت جنگل دارد. باتوجه به‌اینکه گونه راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) یکی از باارزش‌ترین گونه‌های جنگل‌های هیرکانی محسوب می‌شود لذا هدف از این تحقیق تعیین رویش قطری و سطح مقطع درخت راش و برآورد رویش قطری و سطح مقطع با استفاده از قطر برابر سینه در بخشی از جنگل‌های استان گلستان (جنگل‌های وطنا، کردکوی، شموشک و شصت کلاته ) و مدل‌سازی آنها می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر در چهار طرح جنگلداری وطنا، کردکوی، شموشک و شصت کلاته واقع در جنگل‌های استان گلستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش، از بین درختان سرپا سالم با معیارهایی همچون عدم پیچ‌خوردگی تنه، تقارن تاج‌پوشش و عدم زخم‌خوردگی روی تنه، به‌طور گزینشی 19 درخت راش انتخاب و مشخصه‌های قطر برابرسینه و ارتفاع آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری و در ارتفاع برابرسینه یک دیسک به ضخامت 10 سانتیمتر انتخاب و جدا شد. حداکثر سن درختان مورد بررسی در این مطالعه 243 سال (2016-1773) و حداقل سن درختان 99 سال و میانگین سنی درختان 142 سال می‌باشد. بعد از آماده‌سازی نمونه‌ها، پهنای حلقه‌های رویشی سالیانه درختان با استفاده از دستگاه LINTAB با دقت 01/0 میلی‌متر اندازه‌گیری شد. سپس میانگین رویش قطری و سطح مقطع سالیانه درختان راش تعیین و رابطه ‌بین قطر برابرسینه با رویش قطری و رویش سطح مقطع با استفاده از چهار مدل Hyperbolic، Heat capacity، Modified power و Richard مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد با افزایش سن درختان راش رویش سالیانه قطری افزایش می‌یابد و در سال‌ 1955 به نقطه اوج خود رسیده است، سپس روندی نزولی به خود گرفته است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش سن درخت، رویش سطح مقطع درخت نیز افزایش می‌یابد با این تفاوت که دیرتر از رویش سالیانه قطری، در سال 1990 به حداکثر می رسد و سپس روند نزولی به خود می‌گیرد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان رویش قطری و سطح مقطع سالیانه به ترتیب 93/3 میلی‌متر و 52/17 سانتی‌متر مربع به دست آمد. نتایج حاصل از مدل‌سازی نیز نشان داد که مدلHeat capacity نسبت به سایر مدل‌ها، بهتر توانست رویش قطری و سطح مقطع را با ضریب تبیین 37/0R2= و 69/0= R2 به ترتیب، تبیین نماید. نتایج آنالیز عدم اطمنان نیز نشان داد میانگین واقعی مشخصه‌های رویش قطری و رویش سطح مقطع در محدوده فواصل اطمینان 95 درصد قرار دارد که کارایی مناسب و قابل اطمینان مدل را نشان می‌دهد.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج حاصله می‌توان چنین نتیجه‌گیری کرد که رویش قطری و سطح مقطع سالیانه به ترتیب 93/3 میلی‌متر و 52/17 سانتی‌متر مربع حاصل شد و قطر برابر سینه به عنوان متغیر مستقل 37 درصد و 69 درصد تغییرات رویش قطری و سطح مقطع سالیانه راش را تبیین می کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination and modeling of diameter and basal area of beech tree (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky) in Golestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jahangir Mohammadi 1
  • Zahra Sayed mosavi 2
  • Khalil Ghorbani 3
1
2 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 3Associate Professor of Water Engineering., Dept. of Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Determining and estimating the tree diameter growth and basal area growth of beech are very important in forest management and planning. Due to, the beech trees is one of the most valuable species in Hyrcanian forests, so the aim of this study is determine and modeling the tree diameter growth and basal area growth of the beech tree in forestry plans in Golestan province.
Materials and Metods: This study was conducted in four forestry plans Vatana, Kordkoy, Shamoshak and Shast-Kalate located in Golestan province. In the study area, 19 beech trees were selected from healthy trees with criteria such as no twisting of the trunk and no wounding of the trunk at a similar altitude from among the healthy stands. A disk (10 cm-thick) at breast height was selected. The maximum, minimum and mean age of the trees in the study area are 243 years (2016-1773), 99 and 142 years, respectively. After preparing the samples, the width of the annual rings of trees was measured using a LINTAB with 0.01 mm accuracy. Then, the average diameter growth and annual basal area growth of trees were determined and the relationship between diameter at breast height and growth diameter and basal area growth was evaluated using four models: Hyperbolic, Heat capacity, Modified power and Richard.
Results:
The results showed that with increasing age of beech trees, the diameter growth increased and reached its peak in 1955, then it started a downward trend. The results also showed that with increasing tree age, annual basal area growth of the tree also increases, in compare to diameter growth, annual basal area growth reaches a maximum in 1990 and then takes a downward trend. The results showed that The diameter growth and annual basal area were 3.93 mm and 17.52 cm2, respectively. The results of modeling also showed that the heat capacity model, compared to other models, could better explain the diameter and basal area with a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.37 and R2 = 0.69, respectively. The results of uncertainty analysis also showed that the real average of diameter growth and basal area growth characteristics is in the range of 95% confidence intervals, which shows the appropriate and reliable performance of the model.
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that diameter growth and annual basal area were 3.93 mm and 17.52 cm2, respectively and DBH as an dependent variable explains 37% and 69% of changes in diameter growth and annual basal area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diameter growth
  • Basal area growth
  • Fagus orientalis Lipsky
  • Modeling

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پژوهش‌های علوم و فناوری چوب و جنگل
دوره 28، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 45-64

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