نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران،
2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران،
3 استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران،
4 کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: Eucalypts are big and fast growing trees that have been cultivated worldwide and in Iran. Industrial species of this genus have been imported to Iran in last nine decades. These specie have been cultivated for aim of adaptability and performance in different ecological regions of Iran. This research has been carried out to determine suitable industrial species or provenances of Eucalyptus were investigated for afforestation and wood farming aims.
Materials and Methods: This experiment was done under randomized complete blocks with three replicates and nine treatments (Eucalyptus species) in 2008, in Shabankareh Research station, Dashtestan, Bushehr province. In each replicate nine species and 18 seedlings of each species were cultivated with 5×5 meter spacing. Studied treatment was Eucalyptus species and provenances including E. camaldulensis ig. camaltereti 20709، E. camaldulensis var. camaldulensis ،15030 E. camaldulensis var. subcinerea 15195، E. camaldulensis var. subcinerea 12828، E. saligna، E. dunnii 17909، E. viminalis ssp. cygenetensis 16020، E. globulus ssp. bicostata 16731 and E. nobilis 19452. Planted trees were irrigated weekly from March to early April. They were irrigated each three days from mid-April to end of November. Irrigation was continued each 14 days From December to early March. The afforestation was protected by station guards. In each year of plantation seedlings survival was enumerated and recorded. Tree height (m), diameter at collar (cm), diameter at breast height (cm), crown diameter (m) were measured and recorded to evaluate tree adaptability and growth at the end of last year. Those Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey test and α=5%.
Results: Results showed that in terms of survival and growth, provenances of E. camaldulensis were superior when compared with other species. Highest growth was related to E. camaldulensis ig camaltereti 20709 with survival (90.7%), height (2.85m), diameter at collar height (4.6 cm), diameter at breast height (2.25cm), canopy surface (2.75m2), tree total volume (0.83m3ha-1) and annual volume increment (0.28m3ha-1) among provenances of this species. The minimum value of survival and growth were belonged to E. dunnii 17909, E. viminalis ssp. cygenetensis 16020, E. globulus ssp. bicostata 16731 and E. nobilis 19452 which was zero. Hundred percent mortality of those species was caused by over drought and heat in summer time.
Conclusion: Studied species were prioritized for future research and executive programs based on the preliminary results: (a) in terms of survival: 1- E. camaldulensis ig camaltereti 20709, 2- E. camaldulensis var. subcinerea 15195, (b) Based on tree growth: 1- E. camaldulensis var. subcinerea 15195 and 2- E. camaldulensis var. camaldulensis 15030. Thus application of E. camaldulensis provenances in afforestation and wood farming projects was recommended. Given that results are related to three years, further researches on provenances of this species in terms of superior provenances selection, methods of seedlings transferring from nursery to field, and afforestation managements was suggested.
Keywords: Survival, Volume increment, Canopy surface, Eucalyptus camaldulensis.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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