ارائه مدلی جهت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار در صنعت مبلمان چوبی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشگاه تهران، 2استاد گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ، دانشگاه تهران،

2 استاد دانشگاه

3 دبیر اتحادیه تولیدکنندگان مبلمان

4 استاد دانشگاه تهران

5 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

 چکیده
سابقه و هدف: توسعه صادرات غیر­نفتی یکی از ارکان تقویت بنیه اقتصادی کشور محسوب می­شود. صنعت مبلمان اکنون از سهم قابل توجهی در تجارت جهانی برخوردار است، لذا رشد و توسعه پایدار این صنعت می­تواند تاثیر بسزایی در اشتغال­زایی، افزایش تولید ناخالص داخلی و کسب درآمدهای غیر­نفتی برای کشور داشته باشد. به دلیل اهمیت اقتصادی، اجتماعی و ­زیست­محیطی صنعت مبلمان چوبی، لزوم حرکت به ­سمت توسعه پایدار در این صنعت احساس می­شود. مطالعه کنونی با هدف شناسایی و ارزیابی وزنی شاخص­های اثرگذار بر توسعه پایدار صنعت مبلمان چوبی ایران و ارائه راهکارهای مناسب، با استفاده از رویکرد غیرپارامتریک تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی ای­اچ­پی، انجام شده است.
مواد و روش­ها: در این راستا، ابتدا با مطالعات تطبیقی و همچنین انجام مصاحبه با خبرگان مربوطه، شاخص­های تاثیرگذار شناسایی گردید. پس از ترسیم سطوح سلسله مراتبی درخت تصمیم­گیری شامل هدف، معیارها، زیرمعیارها و گزینه­ها، داده­های مورد نیاز جهت تعیین ارزش­ وزنی و اولویت­بندی هر یک از آن­ها در قالب طراحی پرسشنامه­­های استاندارد بر مبنای مقایسات زوجی و با استفاده از نظرات خبرگان و صاحب­نظران دانشگاه، صنعت و نهاد­های مربوطه تهیه و در نهایت مراحل محاسباتی آن در نرم­افزار اکسپرت­چویس انجام پذیرفت. همچنین در حین وزن­دهی به مجموعه­­ها، تجزیه و تحلیل مربوط به نرخ ناسازگاری قضاوت­ها که می­بایست زیر 1/0 باشد، انجام شد.
یافته­ها: بر اساس نتایج حاصل، شاخص­های "اقتصادی" و "محیط­زیستی" در سطح اول بترتیب با ارزش وزنی 358/0 و 212/0 بیشترین ارزش وزنی را کسب کرده­اند. علاوه بر این در سطح دوم نیز، زیرشاخص­های افزایش ثبات اقتصادی(168/0)، توسعه خوشه­های صنعتی مبلمان(149/0)، کاهش مواد فرار آلی در پروسه تولید(121/0)، ارتباط مستمر و منسجم دانشگاه و صنعت مبلمان(093/0)، بازیافت مبلمان(074/0)، توسعه استراتژی برون­­سپاری داخلی و جذب منافع حاصل از برون­سپاری خارجی(060/0) به­ترتیب بالاترین اولویت­ها را به خود اختصاص داده­اند. در نهایت، "الگوبرداری از مدل­های توسعه پایدار در کشورهای توسعه یافته" نیز، با وزن340/0 به عنوان بهترین گزینه، جهت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار در صنعت مبلمان چوبی ایران انتخاب گردید.
نتیجه­گیری: نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق می­تواند به عنوان نقشه راه حرکت در مسیر صحیح توسعه پایدار، راهکارهای مناسبی را جهت بهبود عملکرد تولیدکنندگان و ایجاد اصلاحات ساختاری در بخش­های مختلف صنعت مبلمان چوبی کشور با هدف دستیابی به بازارهای بین­المللی و توسعه مبتنی بر پایداری، پیش روی مسئولین، دست­اندرکاران و سیاست­گذاران مربوطه قرار دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Presentation of a Model to Achieve the Sustainable Development of Iran Wood Furniture Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nematollah Mohebi 1
  • Majid Azizi 2
  • Mohsen Ziyai 3
  • Mahdi Faezipour 4
  • Omid Hossein Zadeh 5
1
2
3
4
5 Assistant Prof , Dept- of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Urima.
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Development of non-oil exports is one of the pillars of strengthening the country's economic growth. Today furniture industry has a significant share in global trade, so the sustainable development and growth of this industry can have a significant impact on employment, GDP growth and non-oil revenues. Because of the economic, social, and environmental importance of the wooden furniture industry, the need to move toward sustainable development in the industry is felt. The aim of this study was to identifying and assessing the weight of effective criteria on the sustainable development of Iran wood furniture industry and suggesting appropriate solutions using a non-parametric approach of the analytic hierarchy process.

Materials and Methods: In this regard, first by comparative studies as well as interviewing relevant experts, the effective criteria were identified. After plotting the hierarchical levels on the decision tree (including goals, criteria, sub-criteria and alternatives), the data needed to determine the weighting value and prioritize each of them were prepared in the form of designing standard questionnaires based on paired comparisons and using the opinions of the industry & university experts of and the relevant institutions and finally, its computational steps were carried out with ExpertChoice software.

 Results: Base on the obtained results, economical and environmental criteria have the highest weighting values at first level as 0.358 and 0.212 weighting values, respectively. At the other hand, an improvement on economical stability (0.168), development of industrial clusters (0.149), reduction and control of volatile organic components (0.121), continuous relationship between university and furniture industry (0.093), Furniture recovery (0.074) and development of outsourcing strategy (0.060), have the highest priorities at the secondary level. Finally, the "Modeling of sustainable development models in developed Countries," with a weight of 0.340 as the best alternative, was selected to achieve sustainable development in the Iranian furniture industry.
Conclusions: results of this research can be used as a road map for movement to the sustainable development, and appropriate solutions to improve the performance of producers and to introduce structural reforms in various sectors of the Iran's furniture industry with the aim of achieving international markets and sustainable development will be addressed to authorities, practitioners and policy makers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Wood Furniture
  • Sustainable development
  • Analytic Hierarchy Process
  • Criteria
  • Alternatives
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