Investigating the relationship between the growth of Amygdalus lyciodes spachs shrubs and climatic factors in two degraded habitats in Lorestan Province

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, I.R. Iran.

2 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

4 PhD in Forestry and Forest Ecology, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

5 PhD student in Forest Biological Sciences, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Dendrochronology analyses have particular importance in evaluating the climate variables that affect tree growth. Amygdalus lyciodes spachs is one of the valuable and adaptive species in the Zagros forest unfortunately has not been spared from the deterioration phenomenon in recent years and its habitats have been damaged. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the annual growth of Amygdalus lyciodes spachs and climatic factors in its two main habitats in Lorestan province.
Materials and methods: To conduct this research, two forest regions Gaikan and Dadabad were selected in Lorestan province. In both area, Amygdalus lyciodes spachs shrubs are in decline and present in a pure form and mixed with other species. Given that there is little difference in slope, aspect, and elevation across the region, to take samples and measure the morphological characteristics of Amygdalus lyciodes spachs shrubs and estimate their drying percentage, 5 sample plots with dimensions of 100 meters by 100 meters were randomly established in each area. To estimate the dieback severity, the shrubs, were categorized into 4 classes (dryness< 5%, 5-33 % , dryness 34-66% dryness, >66% dryness, and dead wood) based on the signs and evidence of deterioration. According to the purpose of the research, several disks were collected from dead or fallen trees. After the preparation of samples, the width of growth rings was obtained from two perpendicular directions of each disk. Climate data were collected from the nearest synoptic station, then cross-dating of samples and data standardization were performed. Relationship between annual growth rings and climate factors determined by Pearson correlation coefficient over 30-year. All analyses were performed by SPSS17 and ARSTAN software.
Results: Based on the results, in the Gaykan region, where the severity of dieback was higher, the average growth of Amygdalus lyciodes spachs shrubs was also greater. Additionally, the minimum, average, and maximum air temperatures in March (mid-February to mid-April) showed the highest correlation with the average radial growth of Amygdalus lyciodes spachs shrubs (correlation coefficients of 33%, 37%, and 33%, respectively). In contrast, in the Dadabad region (with less dieback), the minimum and average air temperatures in May (mid-April to mid-June) exhibited a higher correlation with growth (44% and 36%, respectively). Regarding the relationship between precipitation and growth, the highest correlation in the Gaykan region was observed in May (65%), while in Dadabad, the highest correlation was observed in November (correlation coefficient of 47%).
Conclusion: Considering the growth trend of the Amygdalus lyciodes spachs species in recent years, it can be inferred that this species has experienced a decline in growth over time. Regarding the correlation between air temperature (minimum, average, and maximum temperatures) in February and March with the growth of Arjan in the Gaykan region, it can be stated that in high-altitude and cold regions, an increase in winter temperatures and early growing season temperatures can reduce the negative effects of cold and may lead to an increase in the radial growth of trees. In the Dadabad region, favorable climatic conditions at the beginning of the growing season, along with higher temperatures and the activation of the tree's cambium, can also contribute to increased growth during the growing season.

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Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology
Volume 31, Issue 4
February 2025
Pages 43-62

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