Seasonal variation of base cations on throughfall and forest floor leaching of beech species on base cation dynamics in the mixed stands beech forest

Forest canopy leaching changing based on the different factors, is an effective factor causes to increase nutrition in a short time. We investigated the effect of seasons on the variation of base-cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺) in throughfall and forest floor leaching of the beech species in the mixed Hyrcanian beech forest in Golestan province, Iran. Throughfall and forest floor leaching samples were taken through a year (2008/12/21 to 2009/12/21). Amount of base-cations in throughfall and forest floor leaching (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺) were compared by One-Way variance analysis in the different seasons. Results showed that the amount of Ca²⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺ in throughfall were different in seasons significantly except for Mg²⁺ (p+ (112/11 and 65/75 Kg ha^-1year^-1) and Mg²⁺ (6/1 and 4/5 kg ha^-1 year^-1), respectively. Forest canopy leaching increased the nutrition in soil solution especially in summer and fall that soil is dry and competition is intensive. So this process caused the competition between trees and organisms decreased and efficiency product increased finally. So the information of leaching intensity in different seasons is necessary for the economic-management programming to use the best leaching process.