The effect of Trichoderma harzianum on survival, growth and nutrition of hazelnut seedlings under field conditions of Fandoglou forest

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 rdabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Ardabil, Iran

2 Assoc., Prof., Forest Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. Iran

3 Associate Professor of Research, Forest Research Department, National Forestry and Pasture Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Corylus avellana L from the Corylacesae family is one of the pioneer species in the early stages of the hazel forest sequence and plays a very important role in the restoration of degraded forests. Unfortunately, in recent years, conversion of use, livestock grazing, fire and cutting of trees have been effective factors in the destruction of this valuable forest. The low percentage of survival and vegetative growth in the early years of hazelnut seedlings increases the production costs of seed-roasted seedlings in the nursery and also causes delays in afforestation programs. This research was conducted with the aim of the effect of T. harzianum on the establishment and improvement of the growth and nutritional characteristics of hazelnut seedlings in field conditions.
Material and Methods: At the beginning of May 2016, in Ardabil's Hazelnut Nursery, the soil around the roots of potted hazelnut seedlings, produced from the three sources of Fandoglou (Ardabil Hazelnut Forest), Makesh (Gilan) and Makidi (Arasbaran) were treated with the fungus T. harzianum were inoculated. Then, in November 2017, the one-year-old hazelnut seedlings were transferred to the agricultural lands on the edge of the Fandoglou forest, and according to the above two factors (fungi, seed origin) in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications of 25 in the conditions They were cultivated dry and the percentage of survival, growth, collar diameter, height and nutrition of hazelnut seedlings were measured during four years.
Results: The results after four years showed that all the examined characteristics were affected by the mushroom inoculation treatment. The main effect of seedling and mushroom origin on all investigated traits was significant at the five and one percent level. The interaction effect of seedling origin × mushroom inoculation on the characteristics of survival percentage, root biomass at the level of 1% and for growth of collar diameter and height, stem and leaf biomass and nutritional elements of leaves of hazelnut seedlings at the error level of 1 And five percent was significant. So that the inoculated seedlings of all three origins had the highest values in terms of all investigated traits compared to the control seedlings. The highest amount of studied traits was found in the seedlings of the origin of Fenugreek inoculated with the fungus T. harzianum was assigned. So that in these seedlings, the survival rate is 65.8%, the shoot growth is 52.2%, the height growth is 54.6%, and the dry biomass of root, stem and leaf is 48.603, respectively. 46.5 and 37.40% and the concentration of leaf nutrients including nitrogen 27.81, phosphorus 23.23, potassium 34.7% increase compared to the unfertilized seedlings of Fandoglou origin. Although the responses of the seedlings were different in terms of the studied traits. Hazelnut saplings with the origin of Fandoglou and Makesh were superior in terms of the studied traits compared to the origin of Makidi.
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Conclusion: For the production of strong hazelnut seedlings for afforestation in susceptible lands, the mentioned two sources can be used. Finally, according to the findings of this research, T. harzanium can be used as a biological fertilizer to increase the percentage of success and improve the vegetative characteristics of hazelnut seedlings

Keywords

References

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Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology
Volume 31, Issue 1
April 2024
Pages 43-61

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