Fabrication and evaluation of the propertiesof nanocomposite film produced from LDPE containing cellulose nanofiber

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Wood Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran,

2 Assistant prof. Department of wood and paper sience and techonolog. Faculty of natural resources .university of gorgan

Abstract

Abstract
Background and objectives: Nowadays the nanoscale fillers and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) have been extensively developed in food industry, particularly food packaging systems. The incorporation of nanoscale fillers in the packaging material can play a useful role in improving the mechanical, barrier and thermal properties of the packaging material. Cellulose nanofiber have received much attention as reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites due to their renewability, low cost, biodegradability, high aspect ratio and having good mechanical properties. The main aim of this study was to fabricate and to evaluate the properties of nanocomposite films made from (CNF) and low-density poly (ethylene) (LDPE). Here, styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) was added as a coupling agent.
Materials and methods: The nanocomposites with different cellulose nanofibers (0, 3, 5, 10 wt %) were prepared by freeze drying of CNF gel and melt compounding of dried CNF with LDPE in an internal mixer and then the composites were manufactured by compression molding method. Water absorption, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mechanical test (modulus of elasticity, strain-to-break and tensile strength) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) of the prepared nanocomposites were evaluated. Also the dispersion of nanoparticles in polymeric matrix was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: AFM micrograph confirmed the nanoscale size of CNF, averagely obtained 35±10 nm. The morphology of fracture surface evaluated by scanning electron microscopy confirmed the uniform dispersion of CNF. The results of mechanical tests indicated that the presence of CNF in the polymer matrix increased the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of nanocomposite compared to those of pure LDPE. The nanocomposite with 10 w % CNF had the highest tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. The results indicated that the strain-to-break of LDPE decreased with the introduction of CNF into-polymer matrix. The effect of CNF in the water absorption of the film was investigated. The water absorption was increased from 0.46% to 0.90% as the CNF percentage increased from 0 to 10 wt %.
Conclusion: The results achieved from these investigations were indicating appropriate effects of nanofibers cellulose for the strong interaction with LDPE polymer which caused high mechanical properties (at 10 wt% of cellulose nanofibers) in nanocomposites. The modulus of elasticity of nanocomposite films was significantly increased. Weight percentage of CNF is the most effective parameter on specific tensile strength and modulus of elasticity properties of nanocomposite samples. The presence of CNF in the nanocomposites increased the water absorption.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology
Volume 27, Issue 2
September 2020
Pages 32-46

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