Environmental characteristics and ordination of woody plant species and their relation with environmental factors in Ilam forest

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 null

2 ilam university

Abstract

Bacground and objectives: Since the Long-term forest ecosystems sustainability is related to soil quality, forest soils study and evaluation of soil physico-chemical properties is necessary for soil forming process. This study was designed to compare the environmental characteristics and ordination of woody plant species and their relation in Ilam forest.
Materials and methods: For this purpose in Cercis griffithii, Cerasus microcarpa, Amygdalus Arabica, Amygdalus elaeagnifolia, Daphne mucronata Royle, Crataegus puntica, Lonicera nummularifolia and Acer cinerascen stands 4 Sampling location were randomly selected. In each location, three soil samples were taken from the depth of 0-30 cm and pooled. Samples were transferred to laboratory and Soil physico-chemical properties including: pH, EC, P, N, K, Cao3, C, bulk density, saturation humidity and soil texture were determined.
Resuits: Our result indicted that the highest and least values of nitrogen and organic carbon were observed in Lonicera nummularifolia and Amygdalus arabica respectively. The highest phosphorus, potassium, saturation moisture, electrical conductivity and pH were observed in Acer cinerascens stand. Cercis griffithii had the highest bulk density value. The least and highest cao3 were belonged to the Lonicera nummularifolia and Cercis griffithii respectively. Furthermore, the most and least amount of sand were observed in Amygdalus Arabica and Amygdalus elaeagnifolia stands. The highest and least value of clay belonged to the Cerasus microcarpa and Lonicera nummularifolia stands respectively. Lonicera nummularifolia had the most and Amygdalus arabica olivler had the least amount of silt. Also, Amygdalus elaeagnifolia was in the higher elevation above sea level rather than other species. Acer cineracens and Lonicera nummularifolia were located in steeper slopes. The result of CCA (Conical Correspondence analysis) revealed that there are significant correlation between environmental factors and studied woody plants species. Soil organic Carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium carbonate, electrical conductivity, clay, silt, sand, elevation and aspects have great impact on the presence or absence of studied woody plants species. Presence of Lonicera nummularifolia and Amygdalus elaeagnifolia together in a habitat with a similar conditions indicated the similarity of these two species for the site demands. Furthermore, higher phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, organic carbon, soil moisture and silt were observed in higher elevation. Also, the similarity of Daphne species, Crataegus puntica, Cerasus microcarpa and Cercis griffithii habitat might be interpreted by higher values of calcium carbonate and sand in these habitats.
Conclusion: soil physico-chemical properties and environmental factors were significantly different in studied stands and these factors effects on presence or absence of species.

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Main Subjects


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