Environmental characteristics and ordination of woody plant species and their relation with environmental factors in Ilam forest

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 null

2 ilam university

Abstract

Bacground and objectives: Since the Long-term forest ecosystems sustainability is related to soil quality, forest soils study and evaluation of soil physico-chemical properties is necessary for soil forming process. This study was designed to compare the environmental characteristics and ordination of woody plant species and their relation in Ilam forest.
Materials and methods: For this purpose in Cercis griffithii, Cerasus microcarpa, Amygdalus Arabica, Amygdalus elaeagnifolia, Daphne mucronata Royle, Crataegus puntica, Lonicera nummularifolia and Acer cinerascen stands 4 Sampling location were randomly selected. In each location, three soil samples were taken from the depth of 0-30 cm and pooled. Samples were transferred to laboratory and Soil physico-chemical properties including: pH, EC, P, N, K, Cao3, C, bulk density, saturation humidity and soil texture were determined.
Resuits: Our result indicted that the highest and least values of nitrogen and organic carbon were observed in Lonicera nummularifolia and Amygdalus arabica respectively. The highest phosphorus, potassium, saturation moisture, electrical conductivity and pH were observed in Acer cinerascens stand. Cercis griffithii had the highest bulk density value. The least and highest cao3 were belonged to the Lonicera nummularifolia and Cercis griffithii respectively. Furthermore, the most and least amount of sand were observed in Amygdalus Arabica and Amygdalus elaeagnifolia stands. The highest and least value of clay belonged to the Cerasus microcarpa and Lonicera nummularifolia stands respectively. Lonicera nummularifolia had the most and Amygdalus arabica olivler had the least amount of silt. Also, Amygdalus elaeagnifolia was in the higher elevation above sea level rather than other species. Acer cineracens and Lonicera nummularifolia were located in steeper slopes. The result of CCA (Conical Correspondence analysis) revealed that there are significant correlation between environmental factors and studied woody plants species. Soil organic Carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium carbonate, electrical conductivity, clay, silt, sand, elevation and aspects have great impact on the presence or absence of studied woody plants species. Presence of Lonicera nummularifolia and Amygdalus elaeagnifolia together in a habitat with a similar conditions indicated the similarity of these two species for the site demands. Furthermore, higher phosphorus, potassium, total nitrogen, organic carbon, soil moisture and silt were observed in higher elevation. Also, the similarity of Daphne species, Crataegus puntica, Cerasus microcarpa and Cercis griffithii habitat might be interpreted by higher values of calcium carbonate and sand in these habitats.
Conclusion: soil physico-chemical properties and environmental factors were significantly different in studied stands and these factors effects on presence or absence of species.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

1.Adhikari, K., and Hartemink, A.E. 2015. Digital mapping of topsoil carbon content and changes in the driftless area of Wisconsin, USA. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 13(17): 155-164. (In Persian)
2.Ahmadkhany, R., Ariapour, A., Ahmadi, A., and Ahmadkhany, Y. 2011. Relationship between the elements in plant Galium verum and soil characteristics (Case example: Martyrs Valley, West Azarbaijan province). Journal plant ecophyzeologic, 3: 17-28. (In Persian)
3.Alessaandro, P., and Marcello, T. 2003. Ecological profiels of wetland plant species in the northern Apennines (N. Italy). J. Limnol., 62(1): 71-78.
4.Allison, L.E. 1965. Organic carbon, In Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark, F.E. (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 1367p.
5.Ali ahyayy, M., and Behbahani, A.A. 1993. Description of the methods of chemical analysis of soil, Publications, Soil and Water Research, the journal 893, 127p. (In Persian)
6.Azarnivand, H., Jafari, M., Moghadam, M.R., Jalili, A., and Zare chahooki, M.A. 2003. The effects of soil characteristics and elevation on distribution of two Artemisia species. Iranian Natural, Res., 56(1-2). (In Persian)
7.Bammeri, A., Khormali, F., Kayani, F., and Dehkani, A. 2012. Spatial variability of soil organic carbon in different situations steep slopes in loess area Tvshn Golestan province. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Research, 19(2): 43-60. (In Persian)
8.Boll, T., Svenning, J.C., Vormisto, J., Normand, S., Grandez, C., and Balslev, H. 2005. Spatial distribution and environmental preferences of the piassaba palm Aphandra Natalia (Arecaceae) along the Pastaza and Urituyacu rivers in Peru. Forest Ecology and Management, 213: 175-183.
9.Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils. Agron. J. 54: 464- 465.
10.Bremner, J.M., and Mulvaney, 1982. Nitrogen total, In page, A.L., Miller, R.H., Keeney, R.R. (Eds), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2 Second ed. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, 595-624p.
11.Browicz, K., and Zohary, D. 1995. The genus Amygdalus L. (Rosaceae): species relationships, distribution and evolution under domestication. Genetic, Resources and Crop Evolution, 43(3): 229-247.
12.Eni, D.D., Iwara, A.I., and Offiong, R.A. 2012. Analysis of soil-vegetation inter relationships in a south-southern secondary forest of Nigeria. International Journal of Forestry Research, Volume 2012, Article ID 469326, 8 pages, doi:10.1155/2012/469326.
13.Enright, N.J., Miller, B.P., and Akhtar, R. 2005. Desert vegetation and vegetation-environment relationships in Kirthar National Park, Sindh, Pakistan, Arid Environments, 61: 397-418.
8931 )
14.Falahatkar, S., Hosseini, M., Ayobi, Sh., and Maheni, AS. 2013. The effects of topography and a cover / land use on soil organic carbon density in the northern part of the territory of Iran. Journal of Soil and Water) Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 27(5): 963-972. (In Persian)
15.Goodarzi, G.h.R., Ahmadloo, F., and Sagheb-Talebi, K.H. 2012. Effects of Physiographic factors and Some Physical and Chemical Soil Properties on Distribution Amygdalus scoparia Spach. In 4 Areas of Markazi Province. J. of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 19 (3): 59-75. (In Persian)
16.Habibi kasab. 1992. Soil Basics forest. Tehran University Press. Number 2118.425p. (In Persian)
17.Jafaei, M., Zareh Chahkvyy, K., Azareynvand, H., Baketani Meybodi, N., and Zahedi Amiri, AH. 2002. Evaluation of vegetation Poshtkouh Yazd physical and chemical properties of soil using multivariate analysis. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 55: 419-433. (In Persian)
18.Jafari Hagegi, M. 2003. Methods of soil analysis, sampling and analysis of important physical and chemical principles with emphasis on theory and application, Zoha voice Publishing, 240p. (In Persian)
19.Jahani, H., Abdali, G., Hosseini, S.M., Jafari, Gh., and Mohammadzadeh, A. 2011. Investigation of tree diversity in Zagros forest habitat. Journal of Environmental Science, No. 51. (In Persian)
20.Kooch, Y., Jalilvand, H., Bahmanyar, M.A., and Pormajidian, M.R. 2008. The use of principal component analysis in studying physical, chemical and biological soil properties in southern Caspian forests (north of Iran). Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 11(3): 366-372.
21.Kooch, Y., Jalilvand, H., Bahmanyar, M.A., and Poormajidian, M.R. 2007. Ecological distribution of Indicator species and effective edaphical factors on the northern Iran lowland forests, Journal of Applied Science, 7: 1475- 1483.
22.Lahooti, S.P., Emadi, S.M., Bahmanyar, M.A., and Gagar Sepanlou, M. 2016. Effect of some physical and chemical properties of soil in East and Southern Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad. Second National Conference on sustainable management of soil resources and the environment, 17 and 18.univrrsity Kerman. (In Persian)
23.Liu, Z.Ph., Shao, M.A., and Wang, Y.Q. 2012. Estimating soil organic carbon across a large-scale region: a state-space modeling approach. Journal of Soil Sci., 177: 607-618.
24.Lsoosova, Z., Chytry, M., Cimalova, S., Kropac, Z., Otypkova, Z., Pysek, P., and Tichy, L. 2004. Weed vegetation of arable land in Central Erope: Gredients of diversity and species composition. Journal of Vegetation science, 15: 415-422.
25.Maranon, T., Ajbilou, R., Ojeda, F., and Arroya, J. 1999. Biodiversity of woody species in oak woodland of southern Spain and northern Morocco. Forest Ecology and Management, 115: 147-156.
26.Martinez, Pe´rez-Maqueo, Va´zquez, Castillo Campos, Franco, Mehltreter, Equihua, Landgrave. 2009. Effects of land use change on biodiversity and ecosystem services in tropical montane cloud forests of Mexico. Forest Ecology and Management, 258: 1856–1863.
27.Modabrei, A., and Minaei, H. 2013. Evaluation of biodiversity and species richness in relation to physiographic factors and Physico-chemical properties of soil (Khan Kman Dar Khorramabad). Environmental Science and Engineering, 1(4): 19-27. (In Persian)
28.Mohammadi Samani, K., Jalilvand, H., Salehi, A., Shahabi, M., and Goleij, A. 2006. Relationship between some soil chemical characteristics and few tree types of Zagros forests: case study of Marivan. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 14(2): 148-158. (In Persian)
29.Moradi, M., Naji, H.R., Imani, F., Moradi Behbahani, S., and Ahmadi, MT. 2017. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi changes by afforestation in sand dunes. Journal of Arid Environments 140: 14-19. (In Persian)
30.Moradi, H.R., and Ahmadi-Pour, N. 2006. The role of geomorphology and soil on vegetation using GIS (Case Study: Vaz part of rangelands. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 2(2): 53-38. (In Persian)
31.Moreno, G., Obrador, J.J., and Garcia, A. 2007. Impact of evergreen oaks on soil fertility and crop production in intercropped dehesas, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 119: 270–280.
32.Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., and Dean, L.A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate, USDA Circular, 939: 1-19.
33.Mozaffarian, V. 2007. Flora Ilam province. Tehran contemporary culture. 936p. (In Persian)
34.Page, S.E., Wust, R.A.J., Wriss, D., Rieley, J.O., Shotyk, W., Limin, S. 2004. A record of late Pleistocene and Holocene carbon accumulation and implication for past, present and features carbon dynamics. Jornal of Quaternary Science, 19: 625-635.
35.Pourbabai, H., Heidari, M., and Salehi, H. 2006. Ecological species groups in relation to environmental Awali forests argavan region of Ilam province. Iran biology magazine, Volume 23, 4: 508-519. (In Persian)
36.Pourbabai, H., Heidari, M., and Salehi, H. 2009. Plant ecological groups Relation to environmental factors, Ghlarangʼs forests, Ilam province. .Iran biology magazine, 23(4): 508-519. (In Persian)
37.Rezaeipour, M., Akburniya, M., Salehi, A., Sohrabi, H., and Parsley, Gh. 2011 Ecological survey of Cercis griffithii. L trees in west of Iran. Iranian Journal of Biology, 24(3): 420-412. (In Persian) 38. Sabati, H. 2002. Trees and Shrbs Iran. Yazd University Press. (In Persian)
39.Salehi, A., Taheri Abkenar, K., and Basiri, R. 2012. Study of the recovery soil physical properties and establishment of natural regeneration in skid trails (case study: Nav-E Asalem forests). Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(4): 317-329. (In Persian)
40.Salehi, A., Mohammadi, A., and Safari, A. 2011. Investigation and comparison of physical and chemical soil properties and quantitative characteristics of trees in less-damaged and damaged area of Zagross forests (Case study: Poldokhtar, Lorestan province). Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(1): 81-89. (In Persian)
41.Salehi, A., Zareynkafsh, M., Zahedi, A., Amiri, G., and Marvi Mohajer, R. 2005. Investigate changes in soil physical and chemical properties not associated with ecological groups in a series of tree houses. Kheyroudkenar forest. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 58(3): 578-567. (In Persian)
42.Sebastia, M.T. 2004. Role of topography and soils in grassland structuring at the Landscape and community scales. Basic and Applied ecology, 5: 331-346.
43.Shokrollahi, SH., Moradi H.R., and Dianati Tilaki, Gh.A. 2012. Effects of soil properties and physiographic factors on vegetation cover (Case study: Polur Summer Rangelands). Iranian journal of Range and Desert Reseach, 19(4): 655-668. (In Persian)
44.Sperry, J.S., and Hacke, U.G. 2002. Desert shrub water relations with respect to soil characteristics and plant functional type. Journal of Functional Ecology, 16: 367–378.
45.Takafumi, H., and Tsutom, H. 2009. Effects of disturbance history and environmental factors on the diversity and productivity of understory vegetation in a cool-temperate forest in Japan Forest Ecology and Management, 257: 843-857.
46.Zali, S.H., Nabavi, S.J., and Foaning, M. 2011. Zagros capabilities in the production of byproducts of forest vegetation. National Conference on Central Zagros forests, capabilities and bottlenecks. Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 1: 1-7. (In Persian)
47.Zolfeghari, E., Adeli, I., Babaiy, S., and Habibi Bibalan, GH. 2009. Ecological investigation of Arasbaran Forest medicinal plants with ethnobotanical study of rural people in this field PhD thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Union, Tehran, 180p. (In Persian)
Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology
Volume 24, Issue 3
December 2017
Pages 81-94

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics