Investigation of Qualitative Properties of Some Cotton Varieties Fiber in Dry Regions of Iran

 
Background and objectives: Cotton is one of the important non-wood plants that have been used for production of various cellulosic materials, banknote and other bond papers. Papers made from cotton have the better printability than papers made from chemical pulps. Quality of cotton fibers directly linked with commercial value. The quality of cotton fibers are evaluated with traits such as length, micronaire, elongation, strength, uniformity, color and trash. Since the uniformity of raw material quality is effective in uniformity of final products, therefore the quality of various varieties of cotton will directly be effective on final properties of paper. So the objective of this research is studying the quality traits of cotton fibers in varieties of Varamin, Doctoromomy and Khordad in dry regions of Iran to identify better varieties in bond paper production industry.
Materials and methods: In order to qualitative and quantitative assessment of cotton fibers, the samples of cotton varieties from dry regions of Iran were chosen.In this Investigation various qualitative traits such as fiber length, elongation, strength, micronaire, uniformity, brightness, yellowness, moisture content, upper-half-mean-length (UHML) and Short-fiber content (SFC) of cotton were investigated. Experiments have been done by HVI instrument (ASTM D5869). A factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 3 replicates for statistical analysis of qualitative traits of cotton was studied in SAS software. Means comparison was conducted by using Duncan's test.
Results: Results showed that in studied cotton varieties, with increasing fiber length, all of the qualitative traits of fibers were significantly increased. In studied cotton, all of qualitative traits showed significantly difference except for micronaire. Doctoromomy variety has allocated better qualitative properties like highest fiber length, strength, elongation, uniformity, yellowness in comparison with the other varieties. Therefore, extending plant growing of Doctoromomy was recommended as a raw material for manufacturing bond papers.
Conclusion: In this research, cotton variety of Doctoromomy due to suitable fiber length, lower SFC, very strong fiber strength, high uniformity and elongation is better variety for use in the process of Bond paper making. In a general conclusion based on the analysis performed in this study can be said that to improve the quality of cotton varieties chosen as the perfect solution not only based on the comments should be based on a set of qualitative traits of between them is necessary.