اثرات نانوزئولیت بر برخی ویژگی‌های نهال‌ صنوبر‏‏ دورگ تریپلو تحت دوره‌های آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران،

2 مربی پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران،

3 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: صنوبر دورگ اورامریکن تریپلو (triplo P. euramericana) از گونه‌های مهم زراعت چوب در مناطق شمال کشور محسوب می‌شود. با توجه به تغییرات اقلیمی و محدودیت آب در کشور، تولید نهال و استقرار آن در برخی از مناطق شرق استان مازندران و گلستان بصورت دیم با مشکل مواجه می‌شود. هدف از این تحقیق تعیین تحمل به کم‌آبی صنوبر تریپلو و برای اولین بار با استفاده از نانوزئولیت در بستر نهال‌های صنوبر در دوره های آبیاری مختلف و دستیابی به راهکار مناسب برای تولید نهال در نهالستان‌ها و موفقیت در زراعت چوب می‌باشد. مقصود از این بررسی ارزیابی رشد یک رقم از صنوبر در شرایط کم‌آبی بود.

مواد و روش‌ها: در تحقیق حاضر، تعداد 180 اصله نهال یک اندازه صنوبر تریپلو با اعمال سطوح تیمار نانوزئولیت با مقادیر 0، 10، 50 گرم در هر کیلو‌گرم خاک (0، 1 و 5 درصد وزنی) و تحت دوره‌های مختلف آبیاری (دوره‌های آبیاری 3 ، 6، 9 و 12 روزه)، حدود سه ماه در فصل رشد در گلخانه تحقیقاتی ایستگاه باغبانی قائمشهر، رشد، زنده‌مانی و صفات ریختی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. از این‌رو آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در سه تکرار و در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی(RCBD) در شرایط گلخانه اجرا گردید.

یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش شدت خشکی، زنده‌مانی، رشد قطری و ارتفاعی و سایر صفات ریخت‌شناسی نظیر تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، زیتوده برگ، اندام‌های هوایی، ویژگی‌های ریشه و محتوی کلروفیل کل نهال صنوبر به‌صورت معنی‌داری کاهش یافتند. با افزودن نانوزئولیت به‌ویژه غلظت یک درصد (10 گرم در هر کیلوگرم خاک) اغلب صفات فوق نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافتند. طوری‌که این افزایش در دوره آبیاری 12 روز (شدیدترین تنش) برای رویش ارتفاعی، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و وزن خشک ریشه به ترتیب 50، 54، 155، 188، 40 و 47 درصد بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: در این پژوهش مشخص شد گونه صنوبر اورامریکن تریپلو نسبتاً مقاوم به کم‌آبی است و تیمار نانوزئولیت با غلظت یک درصد برای کاهش اثر دوره‌های آبیاری طولانی‌مدت و بهبود رشد نهال این گونه مناسب است. همچنین نهال‌ها در دوره‌های آبیاری 9 و 12 روز بیشتر از 80 درصد زنده‌مانی داشتند. از این‌رو ایجاد فاصله در دوره آبیاری برای تولید نهال این دورگه صنوبر در نهالستان و جهت استقرار در عرصه مناسب به‌نظر می‌رسد. علاوه بر این توصیه می‌شود برای استقرار اولیه نهال صنوبر دورگه تریپلو با اهداف کاهش اثر تنش ناشی از دوره‌های آبیاری طولانی‌مدت از نانوزئولیت یک درصد استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of nanozeolite on some of the characteristics of P. euramericana triplo seedling under watering regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ehsan Sadati 1
  • Jamshid Mokhtari 2
  • Maedeh Yousefian 1
  • Farhad Asadi 3
2 Senior Research Expert, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
3 Associate Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Populous euramericana triplo is the most important wood production species in the north of Iran. According to climate change and limitation in water sources, the production of seedlings and establishment of this species has become particularly problematic in some of these sites including East of Mazandaran and Golestan regione under dryland conditions. Purpose of this study was conducted to identify drought tolerant Populous euramericana triplo seedlings under water stress. By using nanozeolite application in rhizospher soil, for the first time to different watering regimes to finding the best method and technique for production of seedling in nurseries and successful wood production. The aim of this investigation was evaluation of growth of one of poplar clone in water stress conditions.

Materials and methods: In this study, 180 seedlings hybrid clone of Populous euramericana triplo were used so that healthy seedlings of uniform height were chosen for experiment of application nanozeolite treatment under drought stress (four watering regimes). The experiment was conducted as with two treatments (nanozeolite including, 0, 1% and 5% w/w), (0, 10, 50 g/kg soil) and different watering levels (3, 6, 9 and 12 dayes) nearly three month in growing season in Ghaemshahr Horticultural Research Station in green house so that the survival rate, growth and some morphological traits were investigated. Therefor the experiment was conducted as a factorial, using a randomized completely block design in green house condition with three replication.

Results: The results of this study showed that triplo clone seedlings under drought treatment suffered significant water loss displayed decline in growth. So that increasing the watering period (water stress) caused to significantly decrease the survival percentages, diameter growth, height growth, morphological characteristics including, leaf number, leaf area, leaf biomass, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, root volume and chlorophyll content. While, the mentioned growth parameters were greater in seedlings inoculated with adding 1% nanozeolite (10 g/kg soil), compared with those of non- application seedlings and it was the best effect on drought tolerance so that the seedlings in severe water stress (12 days of irrigation interval) had increased in these properties such as, height growth, leaf number, leaf area, leaf biomass, shoot biomass, root biomass were respectively increased by 50, 54, 155, 188, 40 and 47%.

Conclusion: In this study was demonstrated Populous euramericana triplo species was gentle derought tolerance and the addition of 1% nanozeolite for decrease of water stress on seedling and improving growth this species is suitable. Survival rate of seedlings were up to 80% in watering periods of 9 and 12 days. Thus, suggests that These irrigations interval for seedling production of hybrid clone populous in nurseries and establishment of Field. Moreover, in order to enhance of resistance of populous seedlings in drought conditions (watering regimes) for wood production and establishment of seedling hybrid clone populous nanozeolite application (1% w/w) could be used.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Watering regimes
  • Seedling biomass
  • Populous euramericana triplo
  • Nanozeolite
  • Chlorophyll content

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پژوهش‌های علوم و فناوری چوب و جنگل
دوره 27، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 1-17

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